Задача 80382 PAST SIMPLE vs PRESENT PERFECT 1) Use...
Условие
1) Use THE SIMPLE PAST or THE PRESENT PERFECT TENSE to fill in the blanks:
1. The young man ……………………………… (never / be) to Paris, but he …………….. (read) a book about this city last year.
2. …………………… you …………………… (decide) where to go yet?
3. A: Have some tea, please.
B: No, thank you. I …………………………………. (just / have) two cups of tea.
4. Susan …………………………. (do) her homework before 10 o’clock but Jane …………. ……………….. (not /write) a word until now.
5. Her mother ………………………………… (buy) her a pair of new shoes yesterday.
6. The Prime Minister …………………………. (leave) for the USA an hour ago.
7. A: …………….. the plane ……………………. (land)?
B: Yes, it ………………………… (land) ten minutes ago.
8. It ………………………………. (not / rain) for a long time.
9. ……………… you ……………… (see) my dog? It ………………………… (run away) this morning.
10. We …………………………. (meet) at a party a long time ago, but I …………………….. (not / see) her since then.
11. I ………………………… (see) an interesting book in a bookshop yesterday, but I …………………………… (not / buy) it.
12. My friend …………………………… (fall) from the bicycle because he ……………….… (not / ride) one for ages.
13. His father ………………………………… (die) in 1970, but he ………………………….. (never / visit) his father’s grave since that time.
14. They …………………… (go) to America years ago, but none of them …………………... (come) back since then.
15. A: …………….. you ……………….. (speak) to an Englishman?
B: Yes, I …………………….. (have) a short conversation with one last night.
16. A: ………………. you ever ………………….. (be) to Tatilya?
B: Yes, I ………………………. (go) there two years ago.
17. A: ………………. you ……………….. (see) Jane recently?
B: No, I ……………………………. (see) her for a long time.
2) Rewrite the sentences using SIMPLE PAST or PRESENT PERFECT TENSE:
1. I haven’t seen her for a long time.
It’s ages since I saw her…………………………………………
2. I last met George two weeks ago.
I haven’t …………………………………………………………
3. They have been here for three months.
They arrived ……………………………………………………..
4. We started living in Istanbul 12 years ago.
We have ………………………………………………………….
5. I last saw my girlfriend five days ago.
I haven’t ………………………………………………………….
6. Is this the first time you have tasted a kivi?
………………… (not) you ………………………. one before?
7. I last smoked a cigarette ten years ago.
I haven’t …………………………………………………………..
8. I last drank wine two weeks ago.
It’s two weeks ……………………………………………………. wine.
9. I have lived in Istanbul since January.
I …………………………………………………………………… (come)
10. They moved to Ankara two years ago.
They ……………………………………………………………. two years.
11. She hasn’t been to Rome before.
This is the first time ………………………………………………
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Решение
1) Put in the correct tense
1. The young man has never been to Paris, but he read a book about this city last year.
2. Have you decided where to go yet?
3. A: Have some tea, please.
B: No, thank you. I have just had two cups of tea.
4. Susan did her homework before 10 o’clock but Jane hasn’t written a word until now.
5. Her mother bought her a pair of new shoes yesterday.
6. The Prime-Minister left for the USA an hour ago.
7. A: Has the plane landed?
B: Yes, it landed ten minutes ago.
8. It hasn’t rained for a long time.
9. Have you seen my dog? It ran away this morning.
10. We met at a party a long time ago, but I haven’t seen her since then.
11. I saw an interesting book in a book-shop yesterday, but I didn’t buy it.
12. My friend fell from the bicycle because he hasn’t ridden one for ages.
13. His father died in 1970, but he has never visited his father’s grave since that time.
14. They went to America years ago, but none of them has come back since then.
15. A: Have you spoken to an Englishman?
B: Yes, I had a short conversation with one last night.
16. A: Have you ever been to Tatilya?
B: Yes, I went there two years ago.
17. A: Have you seen Jane recently?
B: No, I haven’t seen her for a long time.
Почему именно так
Present Perfect (“have/has + V³”) употребляем, когда:
• важен результат к настоящему моменту (I have just had tea).
• действие началось в прошлом и длится/актуально до сих пор (It hasn’t rained for a long time).
• говорим о жизненном опыте, не указывая точное время (He has never been to Paris).
Past Simple (“V² / did”) употребляем, когда:
• действие произошло в законченный момент прошлого, часто есть указание времени (yesterday, last year, an hour ago, in 1970).
• действия идут одно за другим в прошлом повествовании (He read a book last year).
2) Re-write the sentences
1. It’s ages since I saw her.
2. I haven’t met George for two weeks.
3. They arrived three months ago.
4. We have lived in Istanbul for twelve years.
5. I haven’t seen my girlfriend for five days.
6. Haven’t you (ever) tasted one before?
7. I haven’t smoked a cigarette for ten years.
8. It’s two weeks since I last drank wine.
9. I came to Istanbul in January.
10. They have lived in Ankara for two years.
11. This is the first time she has been to Rome.
Краткое объяснение преобразований
В каждой паре предложений одна форма указывает на момент прошлого (Past Simple: “arrived”, “came”, “moved”), другая – подчёркивает длительность/опыт до настоящего (Present Perfect: “have lived”, “haven’t seen”, “have been”).
Если употребляется “for / since”, “ever / never”, “already / yet / just”, то практически всегда нужен Present Perfect.
Если стоит конкретная дата или слово (yesterday, last night, in 1970, two weeks ago), используется Past Simple.